Application of the coherent structure tracking to solar Doppler maps to determine horizontal velocity fields at the Sun's surface

Engineering notes

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Chinese explanation / 中文解读

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Original abstract

Coherent Structure Tracking (CST) is a technique for determining the solar surface horizontal flows at high spatial and temporal resolution by tracking the proper motion of granules. CST has been traditionally applied to solar intensity images in the continuum, which clearly depict the granular patterns. However, solar granulation is also visible in the Dopplergrams. We aim to show that CST can be applied to solar Dopplergrams to derive the solar surface horizontal velocity fields with the same level of confidence as those determined by CST on intensity images. For this purpose, we apply the CST to continuum intensity images and Dopplergrams obtained from SDO/HMI and also from a numerical simulation of granulation. We then compare the resulting solar surface horizontal velocity fields and their derivatives for different time windows. Pearson's linear global correlation coefficient (GCC) between the horizontal velocity fields determined from CST on Doppler and on intensity images of a relatively less active Sun is about 73% for a 30 min time average, while the corresponding local correlation coefficient (LCC) near the disk center is about 80%. For the divergence of the horizontal velocity field, we obtain a GCC of 72% and a near disk center LCC of 84%. The curl of the horizontal velocity field being more noisy exhibits somewhat reduced GCC and LCC. These coefficients increase with increasing time window. A similar trend is exhibited by Spearman's and Kendall's rank-order correlation coefficients, although they are somewhat smaller in value. The different correlation coefficients slightly decrease for magnetically more active Sun with sunspots or emerging pores in a plage region. A high correlation is obtained between the horizontal flows derived by applying CST to intensity and vertical velocity maps from a numerical simulation.

Links and sources

• Official / arXiv page
• PDF from original source

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