Determinants of Energy Consumption Behavior in the Context of the Energy Transition: Policy Implications from the Ukrainian Case

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Original abstract

The article focuses on the changing paradigm that the energy transition is increasingly shifting from a purely technological domain toward a socio-political and behavioral process shaped by regional disparities and social conditions. Recent studies indicate that regional disparities and differences in policy effectiveness have increased the importance of behavioral factors, including awareness, social norms, motivation, and cultural practices, in shaping energy transition outcomes. This study is grounded in an interdisciplinary framework combining behavioral theories, socio-technical transition approaches, and regional development concepts. It aims to investigate the role of consumer behavior in shaping energy transition outcomes, with a particular focus on regional and educational factors. An empirical survey of 997 respondents across different regions of Ukraine was conducted. Using cluster analysis, three distinct groups were identified, reflecting different levels of awareness and engagement with energy transition issues. Factor analysis revealed that region and education are the most significant determinants of cluster formation. The results confirm that behavioral patterns are strongly influenced by socio-regional characteristics and cannot be explained solely by traditional energy indicators. Based on these findings, the study validates the need for region-sensitive energy policies and provides recommendations for designing targeted interventions that account for regional context and educational level to enhance the effectiveness of energy transition strategies.

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