Enhancing CZTS-based solar cell performance through energy band alignment

Engineering notes

Engineering notes will be added by the Power for Solar editorial team.

Chinese explanation / 中文解读

中文解读待补充：本站会优先为光伏效率、钙钛矿太阳能电池、储能技术、太阳能热利用、BIPV、并网技术等高价值论文补充中文说明。

Original abstract

Abstract With the growing need for clean and sustainable energy, CZTS–based solar cells have gained attention due to their low cost and eco–friendly nature. However, unfavourable energy band alignment and interfacial recombination remain major challenges that limit device performance. In this study, a CdTe/CZTS/SnO₂ solar cell structure, where CdTe, CZTS, and SnO₂ act as the hole transport layer (HTL), absorber layer, and electron transport layer (ETL), respectively, is analysed using SCAPS–1D to understand its performance and investigate the influence of energy band alignment and band offsets at the device interfaces on photovoltaic characteristics for achieving higher efficiency. Key parameters such as shallow acceptor density, defect density, absorber thickness, and back contact work function are varied to observe their effects. The results show that proper optimisation of these parameters improves charge separation. The thickness of the absorber layer also plays an important role in achieving better light absorption. The optimised device delivers a high efficiency of 25.55%, with Voc = 0.91 V, Jsc = 38.64 mA/cm², and FF = 72.55%. This study shows that CZTS–based solar cells have strong potential for efficient and affordable energy generation.

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