Enhancing photovoltaic efficiency in electric bicycle charging systems: The role of nano-enhanced phase change materials and predictive neural network modeling

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Chinese explanation / 中文解读

中文解读待补充：本站会优先为光伏效率、钙钛矿太阳能电池、储能技术、太阳能热利用、BIPV、并网技术等高价值论文补充中文说明。

Original abstract

ABSTRACT The rapid expansion of electric mobility requires reliable renewable energy sources to support sustainable charging applications. Photovoltaic (PV) systems integrated with electric mobility charging systems often experience efficiency degradation due to elevated operating temperatures, particularly in tropical climates. This study investigates the potential of nano-enhanced phase change materials (NePCM) as a passive thermal management solution for PV modules supporting electric bicycle charging applications. The research integrates a systematic meta-analysis, experimental evaluation, and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) forecasting—a PRISMA-based meta-analysis synthesized data from 30 studies to assess thermophysical enhancements in NePCM. An experimental PV–NePCM system using soy wax enhanced with 5 wt% silicon nanoparticles was tested under tropical environmental conditions. Operational data were further used to train an ANN model to forecast PV electricity production and consumption. Meta-analysis results show an average thermal conductivity enhancement of approximately 26.94% and an average PV temperature reduction of −16.33 °C. Experimental testing demonstrates an average PV temperature reduction of 6.8 °C and stable electrical output with an average power generation of 29.27 W. The ANN forecasting model achieved high accuracy for PV production prediction with an R² value of 0.997. The findings confirm that NePCM significantly improves thermal regulation in PV systems, while ANN modeling effectively predicts energy production patterns in PV-assisted electric bicycle charging systems. Although the experimental platform was developed at a prototype scale using an electric bicycle load, the proposed thermal management and forecasting framework provides valuable insights for the future development of larger electric mobility charging infrastructures. The integration of NePCM cooling and intelligent forecasting provides a promising framework for enhancing the efficiency and operational stability of solar-powered electric bicycle charging systems and other small-scale electric mobility applications.

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