Frontiers in Energy Harvesting and Storage under Extreme Low-Temperatures

Engineering notes

Engineering notes will be added by the Power for Solar editorial team.

Chinese explanation / 中文解读

中文解读待补充：本站会优先为光伏效率、钙钛矿太阳能电池、储能技术、太阳能热利用、BIPV、并网技术等高价值论文补充中文说明。

Original abstract

Abstract Extreme low-temperature environments spanning polar, deep-sea, and space missions impose a fundamental mismatch between efficient energy harvesting and severely hindered electrochemical storage. While photovoltaics and wind systems benefit, batteries suffer from sluggish ion transport, interfacial resistance, and electrolyte freezing below −20°C. This perspective highlights multiscale failure mechanisms governing cryogenic electrochemistry and advances in electrolyte engineering, pseudocapacitive electrodes, and interfacial design enabling below −100°C operation. We further explore integrated energy harvesting–storage architectures and cryogenic evaluation platforms while outlining future directions in electrode–electrolyte engineering, safety, and system-level co-design for autonomous extreme-environment energy systems.

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