Hybrid Seeding‐Template Modulation of Sn–Pb Perovskite Crystallization for High‐Efficiency All‐Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells

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Chinese explanation / 中文解读

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Original abstract

ABSTRACT Narrow‐bandgap (NBG) Sn–Pb perovskites are indispensable for achieving high‐efficiency all‐perovskite tandem solar cells (TSCs). However, the pronounced disparity in the Lewis acidity of Sn 2+ and Pb 2+ often causes asynchronous nucleation and uncontrolled crystallization, severely limiting the device performance. Here, we propose a hybrid heterogeneous seeding and growth‐template strategy that integrates CsPbBr 3 quantum dots (QDs) with porous UiO‐66 metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) through grafted poly(4‐vinylpyridine) (P4VP) to achieve homogenous Sn–Pb perovskite films. Specifically, the embedded CsPbBr 3 QDs act as abundant nucleation centers, lowering the energy barrier and providing an epitaxial growth template, while the carbonyl (C═O) groups of UiO‐66 ligands and the imine (C═N) moieties of P4VP coordinate with Sn 2+ /Pb 2+ to finely regulate crystallization kinetics. Moreover, the UiO‐66‐P4VP framework functions as a scaffold to promote uniform film growth, resulting in Sn–Pb perovskite films with homogeneous composition and reduced defect density. As a result, the optimized single‐junction NBG perovskite solar cell achieves a fill factor exceeding 81% and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.32%. Furthermore, the two‐terminal all‐perovskite tandem device delivers a PCE of 29.18% and retains 80% of its initial efficiency after 500 h of continuous maximum power point tracking under simulated sunlight, demonstrating remarkable operational stability.

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