Solar energy paper index
Nucleon unpolarized second Mellin moments using lattice QCD ensembles with physical quark masses and in the continuum limit
One-line summary
A solar energy research paper on Nucleon unpolarized second Mellin moments using lattice QCD ensembles with physical quark masses and in the continuum limit.
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Chinese explanation / 中文解读
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Original abstract
We compute the matrix elements of the energy-momentum tensor of the nucleon using four ensembles of twisted mass clover-improved fermions with the up, down, strange and charm quark masses tuned to approximately their physical values. The four ensembles have similar physical volume and lattice spacings $a=0.080$~fm, $0.068$~fm, $0.057$~fm, and $0.049$ fm, allowing us to take the continuum limit directly at the physical pion mass point. We compute both connected and disconnected quark contributions as well as gluon contributions. All renormalization functions, including the mixing of the quark singlet with the gluon, are determined non-perturbatively. We extract the gravitational form factors in the continuum limit at $Q^2=0$ and evaluate the contribution of quarks and gluons to the momentum and angular momentum of the proton. Using the values of the intrinsic quark spin computed using the same gauge ensembles we also determine the orbital angular momentum for each quark flavor.
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