Optimal Simulation of an Electrodialysis Reactor for the Desalination and Regeneration of Multi-Ionic Wastewater

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Chinese explanation / 中文解读

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Original abstract

The objective of the present work is to optimize the simulation of an electrodialysis reactor for the desalination and regeneration of multi-ionic wastewater with high salt contents and conductivities, within the framework in the Sustainable Development Goal 6 (clean water and sanitation) and remarking the Electrodialysis (ED) as a highly energy-efficient and sustainable technology. The mathematical modelling has been carried out by using a semiempirical model that involves an algebraic system of differential equations, including mass and charge balances (taking into account the ions present in the wastewater: Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, SO42-, and HCO3-), and the total electrodialysis stack voltage considering ohmic drops (in the dilute and concentrate compartments), the potential of membrane in each cell pair, and the electrode potentials. In the simulation process, different theoretical and experimental parameters are necessary such as number of cells, membrane working areas, efficiency, diffusion coefficients, molar conductivity at infinite dilution, etc.The experimental parameters have been obtained initially with a specially designed batch reactor printed with 3D technology, to imitate the hydrodynamics and the behavior of the industrial final reactor used. Additionally, to increase the accuracy of the simulation results, same parameters such as the resistance of the membranes (rm), the transport numbers and the mass transfer coefficient (km) can be optimized by using a metaheuristic derivative-free optimizer, specifically a proprietary version of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) implemented in MatLab®.The results obtained yield a satisfactory reproduction of the observed experimental behavior, analyzing the evolution over time of the intensity, conductivity, and concentration of the concentrated and diluted currents, respectively. In addition, the evolution of the different contributions of the stack voltage and the membrane resistances are shown, in order to confirm the coherence of the results obtained.

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