Review on the tuning of ZnO morphology via hydrothermal synthesis

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Chinese explanation / 中文解读

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Original abstract

Abstract Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a multifunctional material due to its exceptional physicochemical properties, making it a promising candidate for a range of applications. In recent years, increasing attention has been devoted to developing green and efficient synthesis methods for ZnO micro/nanostructures. Hydrothermal synthesis has emerged as an attractive approach due to its simplicity, low cost, high purity, reproducibility, and precise control of material properties. This review provides an overview of the current state of hydrothermal synthesis of ZnO micro/nanostructures, with a particular focus on how key synthesis parameters such as temperature, pH, precursor concentration, and reaction time influence morphology. The critical role of capping agents in directing growth and stabilizing nanostructures is discussed in detail. The review explores the interactions between the capping agent and ZnO nuclei during hydrothermal synthesis, aiming to elucidate their role as structure-directing agents. It further examines the interactions between ZnO morphologies (rod-like, nanowires, disk-like, flower-like, and sphere-like structures), synthesis parameters, and the capping agents used.
Overall, this perspective highlights the fundamental mechanisms governing morphology control in hydroythermal ZnO synthesis and provides Insights into the rational desigh of ZnO nanostructures for targeted applications. 

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