The Economic and Environmental Impact of Air Methane on Solar Power Generation from SDG Perspectives

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Original abstract

Methane (CH 4 ) is a potent greenhouse gas that significantly impacts climate change and the efficiency of renewable energy sources like solar power. This study explored the economic and environmental consequences of atmospheric methane on solar power generation, with a focus on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy) and 13 (Climate Action). Methane emissions, primarily from fossil fuel extraction, agriculture, and waste, amplify global warming and increase air haze, reducing the amount of sunlight available to photovoltaic (PV) systems and lowering their efficiency. Studies have indicated that even slight temperature rises from methane-induced warming can decrease PV output by about 0.5% per degree Celsius, substantially impacting solar generation in methane-heavy regions. Economically, this inefficiency raises the operating and maintenance costs of solar systems, making solar power less affordable. This study employed a mixed-methods approach, incorporating literature review and data analysis from recent global methane monitoring reports. Findings suggested that reducing atmospheric methane emissions could boost solar power efficiency by up to 10% in high-emission areas. The policy implications underscore the importance of methane reduction efforts at global and local levels to enhance solar energy&s;s economic viability. This research indicated that targeted methane reduction strategies can improve climate resilience, increase solar efficiency, and expand access to sustainable energy, supporting the goals of the SDGs.

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