Solar energy paper index
Vapor-phase Annealing toward Homogeneous Bottom-Up Crystallization in Perovskite Solar Cells
One-line summary
A solar energy research paper on Vapor-phase Annealing toward Homogeneous Bottom-Up Crystallization in Perovskite Solar Cells.
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Chinese explanation / 中文解读
中文解读待补充：本站会优先为光伏效率、钙钛矿太阳能电池、储能技术、太阳能热利用、BIPV、并网技术等高价值论文补充中文说明。
Original abstract
High-quality perovskite films are essential to device efficiency and stability, yet inhomogeneous crystallization and interfacial defects remain major challenges. Here, we introduce a vapor-phase annealing (VPA) strategy to regulate crystallization kinetics and film morphology. By establishing a uniform thermal–humidity field, VPA is proposed to promote a bottom-up crystallization tendency, in contrast to the conventional top-down mode often observed in hot-plate annealing. This shift in growth direction could facilitate homogeneous nucleation, reduce interfacial void formation, and enable more complete precursor conversion with suppressed PbI 2 residue. As a result, the films exhibit improved optoelectronic properties, and additive-free inverted perovskite solar cells achieve a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 22.15% with excellent long-term stability. These results suggest that VPA may provide a scalable route to mitigating crystallization inhomogeneity in perovskite photovoltaics.
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